Най-скъпият в света гъбен трюфел

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Търсенето на трюфели може да е само с кучета, защото практиката за търсене с прасета е ограничена поради разпространението на АЧС. Подобни кучета всъщност са изключително ценни и се продават само в специални развъдници – те имат родословие в професията. Кучетата се продават в специални развъдници и също имат родословие в професията си. Трюфели в България се отглеждат в Лудогорието и във Варненско, както и в района на Угърчин. Китайските сортове трюфели сега се отглеждат изкуствено и се изнасят по целия свят. Търси се от септември до октомври, но само най-опитните познавачи могат да уцелят момента. Черните трюфели (Tuber melanosporum), които най-често са от Франция, Испания и Италия, обикновено са по-евтини от белите трюфели, но все пак имат висока цена. И пак неофициално се смята, че само 1% от събраните количества остават у нас, почти всичко се изнася. През Средновековието ги анатемосват заради “нечистата сила” и се използват само от селяни. През 80-те години на 20-ти век в Угърчин идват първите търсачи на трюфели в България. През Ренесанса се преоткриват и използват в менюта на аристократите в европейските замъци.

Съответно сухото лято не е благоприятно за развитието на белия трюфел. Специфичното пир белия трюфел е, че не може да се отглежда с лешник, а само с габър, дъб или бор. Съществуват стотици видове трюфели, но само няколко десетки от тях се консумират. Има няколко вида гъби, които не представляват рода на трюфелите, но външно много приличат на тях. Плодовите тела на тези удивителни гъби са почти напълно скрити под земята, по своя „външен вид” те приличат на шишарки или грудки от картофи. Цената на този вид гъби е много висока.Килограм от такъв деликатес струва от 400 евро. Едно добре обучено куче може да достигне до няколко хиляди евро. Трюфелите са подземни гъби, известни като „диамантите на земята” и днес, благодарение на Сабатино Тартуфи, всеки може да получи малко парченце съкровище в чинията си. Трюфелите са били използвани от древните гърци и римляни като афродизиак. Тогава насладата от храната е пълна. Щом бъдат извадени от земята, те бързо губят качествата си. Често търсачите оставят тайни знаци къде са намерили трюфели, за да не бъдат открити от конкурентите им. Могат да бъдат добавени и като добавка в прясно сирене. Най-скъп и рядък е белият трюфел, известен още като “трюфел от Алба или Пиемонт”.

Всъщност още по времето на социализма се разчува, че в България има от деликатесната гъба. Там климата и спецификите на горите и почвите са такива, че отговарят на всички изисквания за виреенето на трюфели. Там растителноста е типичната за виреене на трюфели. Информация за открити трюфели има също в гористите местности на запад над село Каленик, където растителността е типичната за виреене на трюфели. Трюфели има също в гористите местности на североизток от Угърчин, както и в горите на изток от село Каленик и село Орляне. Потвърдена информация за намерени количества трюфели има за гористи местности на запад над село Каленик ( в цялата бивша военна зона). Трюфели има в гористите местности на североизток от Угърчин, както и в горите на изток от селата Каленик и Орляне. В дискусията участие взеха и изпълнителният директор на Изпълнителната агенция по горите инж. Проблем е единствено транспортът – заяви инж. Това заяви заместник-министърът на земеделието и храните д-р инж. Това са “геройствата” на няколкото подлеци сред нас. Това се е случило преди два дни на ГКПП Батровци/Баяково, когато митничари съвместно с полицията са открили трюфели във влизащ в Сърбия пътнически микробус, пътуващ по линията Италия – Сърбия.

В Италия ги търсят в гората с кучета. Е, не по 2 000 декара като в Италия и Франция, но поне по 200. Не е невъзможно. Расте предимно във Франция, Италия, Хърватия, но е намиран и в територията на нашата страна. Черен бъбрековиден трюфел /Tuber mesentericum Vitt./ – притежава овална, но не много кръгла форма, с големи или малки вдлъбнатини в основата. На границата между Сърбия и Хърватия хванаха контрабанда на над 220 килограма черен трюфел на стойност 11 000 евро, съобщиха днес от сръбската митническа администрация, цитирани от БТА. H трябва да бъде между 7,5 и 8,5, в зависимост от сорта трюфел, който искаме да отглеждаме. След няколкогодишно търсене Патрицио Панфали, италианец, женен за българка, открива първия черен трюфел в България – между Угърчин и Ловеч. Др. Калоянов , а Вие с голямо познание как въобще може да сравнявате култивирането на трюфел и копаенето, а извинете лова му , че да говорите за извоюване на привилегии. Пресните гъби обикновено се настъргват върху паста или ризото за богат и луксозен аромат. Шестте държавни горски предприятия в страната ще издават позволителните за ползване на диворастящи гъби и трюфели.

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